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Elizabeth "Betsy" McCaughey (; born Elizabeth Helen Peterken, October 20, 1948), formerly known as Betsy McCaughey Ross, is an American politician who was Lieutenant Governor of New York from 1995 to 1998, during the first term of Governor George Pataki. She unsuccessfully sought the Democratic Party nomination for Governor after Pataki dropped her from his 1998 ticket, and ended up on the ballot under the Liberal party line. A historian by training, with a Ph.D. from Columbia University, McCaughey has, over the years, provided conservative media commentary on U.S. public policy affecting healthcare-related issues. Her 1993 attack on the Clinton healthcare plan was likely a major factor in the initially-popular bill's defeat in Congress; also, it brought her to the attention of Republican Pataki, who chose her as his Lieutenant Governor nominee/running mate. In 2009, her criticisms of the Affordable Care Act – then a bill being debated in Congress – again gained significant media attention in TV and radio interviews, and may have specifically inspired the "death panel" claim about the act. She has been a fellow at the conservative Manhattan Institute and Hudson Institute think tanks, and has written numerous articles and op-eds. She was a member of the boards of directors of medical equipment companies Genta (from 2001 to 2007) and Cantel Medical Corporation, until she resigned in 2009 to avoid the appearance of conflict-of-interest, given her public advocacy against the Affordable Care Act legislation. ==Early life, education and family== McCaughey and her twin brother William were born in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania to Albert Peterken, a factory janitor, and his wife, Ramona.〔〔 The family moved around the Northeastern United States for six years before settling down in Westport, Connecticut,〔 where McCaughey's father did maintenance, and later engineering work at a nail clipper factory.〔〔 McCaughey recalled her parents' difficulty in affording medical treatment: "my brother was a serious asthmatic as a child. I remember my parents sitting at the kitchen table wondering if they could afford to take () to the hospital."〔 McCaughey attended public schools in Westport through the 10th grade, spending much of her free time at the library.〔 After receiving a scholarship, she transferred to a private Massachusetts boarding school, the Mary A. Burnham School, for her last two years of high school, rarely visiting home, either then or during her college years.〔 She received a scholarship to attend Vassar College, where she majored in history.〔 She wrote her senior thesis on Karl Marx and Alexis de Tocqueville,〔 won several fellowships, and received her B.A., with distinction, in 1970.〔 McCaughey went on to graduate school at Columbia University in New York City, earning her M.A. in 1972 and her Ph.D. in constitutional history in 1976.〔 She won Columbia's Bancroft Dissertation Award in American History in 1976〔 and her dissertation was published by the prestigious Columbia University Press in 1980 under the title, ''From Loyalist to Founding Father: The Political Odyssey of William Samuel Johnson''.〔 She also contributed a chapter about William Samuel Johnson to the 1979 book ''The American Revolution: Changing Perspectives'' by William Fowler and Wallace Coyle.〔 While completing her Ph.D., McCaughey trained in the corporate banking department at Chase Manhattan Bank, and served as a loan officer in the Food, Beverage, and Tobacco Division.〔 She also took courses in accounting at Columbia's School of Business.〔 McCaughey's father died in 1970 at the age of 60. Her mother, an alcoholic, died the next year of liver disease at the age of 42.〔〔 In 1972, she married Thomas K. McCaughey, a Yale graduate she had met in college and who was then moving up as an investment banker.〔 The McCaugheys separated in 1992 and divorced in 1994 with McCaughey and her ex-spouse sharing joint custody of their three daughters.〔 In January 1993 she filed an affidavit in her divorce proceeding in which she said she had no annual earnings from employment during most of the 18 years of her marriage to Thomas, and had never earned more than $20,000 per year, except in 1990, when she "sold an idea to Fox television for a windfall once-in-a-lifetime sum of $75,000".〔〔 She married wealthy investment banker and prominent Democratic Party fundraiser Wilbur Ross, Jr. in December 1995;〔 he filed for divorce in November 1998.〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Betsy McCaughey」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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